FOD on taxiway

FOD(이물질)는 지루한 주제처럼 보이지만, 2000년 콩코드를 떨어뜨린 것도 활주로 위 금속 조각 하나였습니다. 오늘은 멈추고 → 정확히 보고하고 → 치우게 하는 3단계를 말하는 연습. 문법은 "~하게 시켰다"의 have + O + p.p.입니다.

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1. Scenario

I was the First Officer of HL123, taxiing in after landing, about halfway to the gate on taxiway Alpha.

Ahead of us, something shiny caught our eye on the centreline — a metal strip, maybe half a metre long, lying right where our nose gear would roll. We halted well short of it and told ground: "HL123, we've stopped on Alpha abeam stand 24 — there is a metal strip on the centreline, about half a metre long."

Ground asked whether we could taxi around it. We declined — an engine can ingest debris you steer past, and blast from our own engines could throw it at somebody else. So they worked around us instead: the sweeper was dispatched, the aircraft behind us was rerouted via Delta, and that portion of Alpha was closed until it had been swept.

While we waited, operations asked a smart question: could the strip have come from our aircraft? We thought it unlikely — it was lying ahead of us — but we agreed to have the aircraft checked at the gate, and the walk-around found nothing missing.

Three minutes later the taxiway was clean, we resumed taxi, and the strip went to operations so they could work out where it had originated.

2. At a Glance

English — Taxiing in, we spotted a half-metre metal strip on the taxiway centreline. We stopped short of it and gave ground a precise report — what it was, how big, and exactly where. Ground offered "taxi around it"; we declined, because engines ingest what wheels avoid. So they dispatched the sweeper, rerouted the traffic behind us, and closed that stretch until it was swept. Operations also asked whether the strip might be ours — a found part means some aircraft is missing one — and we had the aircraft checked at the gate. Stop, report precisely, let them remove it. FOD stays boring only when everyone does this.

한국어 — 택시인 중 유도로 센터라인에서 반 미터짜리 금속 스트립을 발견했습니다. 그 앞에 멈춰서 지상관제에 정밀 보고 — 무엇인지, 크기, 정확한 위치(스탠드 24 옆). 관제가 "돌아서 지나가겠냐" 제안했지만 거절했어요 — 바퀴가 피한 걸 엔진이 삼키고, 우리 후류가 남에게 던질 수 있으니까. 대신 스위퍼가 급파됐고, 뒤 항공기는 Delta로 우회, 해당 구간은 청소까지 폐쇄됐습니다. 운영부는 "그 조각, 당신 기체 것일 수 있냐"는 좋은 질문을 했고 — 발견된 부품은 곧 어딘가의 분실 부품 — 게이트에서 기체 점검을 받았습니다(이상 없음). 멈추고, 정확히 보고하고, 치우게 하라.

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3. Key Verbs

halt

뜻: 멈추다

• We halted well short of the object.
• The aircraft was halted on the centreline of Alpha.

identify

뜻: 식별하다

• We identified it as a metal strip.
• The object was later identified as construction banding.

describe

뜻: 묘사하다

• We described the object and its exact position.
• A well-described hazard is found on the first pass.

dispatch

뜻: (차량·인력을) 급파하다

• Ground dispatched the FOD sweeper.
• A follow-up inspection was dispatched to the area.

sweep

뜻: (노면을) 쓸다, 청소하다

• That portion of Alpha was swept within minutes.
• Ground had the taxiway swept before reopening it.

ingest

뜻: (엔진이) 빨아들이다

• An engine can ingest debris that wheels avoid.
• Ingested metal destroys fan blades.

damage

뜻: 손상시키다

• FOD damages tires, engines, and airframes.
• One small strip can damage a very large aircraft.

reroute

뜻: 우회시키다

• The aircraft behind us was rerouted via Delta.
• Traffic was rerouted until the sweep was complete.

resume

뜻: 재개하다

• We resumed taxi once the taxiway was clean.
• Normal operations resumed three minutes later.

originate

뜻: (~에서) 비롯되다

• Operations traced where the strip had originated.
• A found part originates from someone's missing part.

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4. Key Expressions & Collocations

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5. Vocabulary

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6. Sentence Frames

빈칸만 갈아끼우면 다른 지상 위험물 시나리오에도 그대로 씁니다.

• We spotted ____ on the ____. → We spotted a metal strip on the centreline.
• We stopped well short of ____ and reported it. → We stopped well short of the object and reported it.
• We reported what it was, how big it was, and exactly where it lay. → (정밀 보고의 3요소 — 그대로 외워둘 문장)
• We declined to ____, because ____. → We declined to taxi around it, because an engine can ingest what wheels avoid.
• Ground had ____ ____(p.p.) before ____. → Ground had the taxiway swept before reopening it.

오늘의 표현 포인트 — "We reported what it was, how big it was, and exactly where it lay." 이물질·위험물 보고의 3요소(정체·크기·위치)를 한 문장에 담는 틀입니다.

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7. Common Mistakes → Better Phrasing

한국인이 자주 쓰는 틀리거나 약한 표현을, 시험에서 통하는 표현으로 바꿔 익히세요.

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8. Grammar Point — 사역 have/get + 목적어 + p.p.

"직접 한" 게 아니라 "하게 했다/받았다"를 말할 때 씁니다. 지상 협조 서술의 필수 문형이에요.

• Ground had the taxiway swept before reopening it.
• We had the aircraft checked at the gate.
• You can get the area inspected within minutes.

핵심: have/get + 대상 + 과거분사 = 대상이 ~되게 하다. 내가 쓸었다(swept)가 아니라 "쓸리게 했다(had it swept)" — 주어와 실행자가 다른 지상 업무에 딱 맞습니다.

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9. Model Answer — Q1

"What happened to your aircraft? Explain the nature of the incident."

틀은 자유 — 무슨 일 → 어떻게 대처 → 결과 흐름이면 됩니다.

We were taxiing in after landing, about halfway to the gate on taxiway Alpha, when we saw something shiny on the centreline ahead — a metal strip, about half a metre long, right where our nose gear would roll.

We halted well short of it and gave ground a precise report: what it was, how big it was, and exactly where it lay — on Alpha, abeam stand 24. Ground asked whether we could simply taxi around it, and we declined, because an engine can ingest debris that the wheels avoid, and our own jet blast could throw it at somebody else.

So they worked around us. The sweeper was dispatched, the aircraft behind us was rerouted via Delta, and that stretch of Alpha stayed closed until it had been swept. Operations also asked whether the strip could have come from our aircraft — a fair question, since a found part means some aircraft is missing one — and we had the aircraft checked at the gate. Nothing was missing.

Three minutes after the report, the taxiway was clean and we taxied in. A half-metre strip of metal is nothing — until an engine finds it. A precise report kept it nothing.

10. Model Answer — Q2

"How do you think ATC handled the situation? Could it have been handled differently?"

Q2 = ATC 평가로 의견 표현을 익히는 자리. 아래는 한 예시 — 외워서 그대로 쓰지 말고, 시작·마무리 표현은 자유롭게 바꿔 보세요.

Short version: the system worked. Our report was accepted straight away — no "are you sure?", no pressure to squeeze past it. The sweeper moved fast, the traffic behind us was rerouted rather than left waiting in a line, and the taxiway stayed closed until it was actually clean. I especially liked the question about whether the strip might be ours; that is somebody thinking one step further, because a part on the ground always belongs to something.

The improvement I'd offer sits in prevention rather than response: the strip turned out to be construction banding, and there was work going on beside that taxiway all week. Areas next to live construction deserve more frequent sweeps than the standard schedule — finding the banding on a routine sweep costs nothing — finding it under my nose gear closes a taxiway. FOD seems like a small thing, but keeping it small is the whole job.

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11. Follow-up Q&A

1. Why not just taxi around a small object? → Wheels can miss it, but engines pull in what passes near them, and your jet blast can fling it into another aircraft. Small on the ground is not small in a fan.
2. Why does the precise position matter so much? → The sweeper finds it on the first pass. "Somewhere on Alpha" closes a taxiway for twenty minutes; "abeam stand 24" closes it for three.
3. Why did operations ask if the strip was yours? → Every found part is a missing part. If an aircraft shed metal, that aircraft has a problem that has not been discovered yet.
4. Why is FOD treated so seriously? → A single metal strip on the runway caused the Concorde accident in 2000. The industry has never looked at debris the same way since.

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12. Shadowing Sentences

각 문장을 3~5번 소리 내어 따라 하세요.

1. We saw something shiny on the centreline ahead of us.
2. We halted well short of the object.
3. There is a metal strip on Alpha, abeam stand 24.
4. It is about half a metre long, on the centreline.
5. We declined to taxi around it.
6. An engine can ingest debris that wheels avoid.
7. Ground dispatched the sweeper and rerouted the traffic behind us.
8. Ground had the taxiway swept before reopening it.
9. We had the aircraft checked at the gate.
10. We reported what it was, how big it was, and exactly where it lay.

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