Day 15 · Phase 1 — Aircraft Systems & Immediate Actions
Aircraft systems review
시스템 종합 (체크포인트)
영어 문장을 클릭하면 읽어줍니다. (브라우저 내장 음성 — 다시 누르면 멈춤)
첫 2주(Day 1~14) 점검입니다. 오늘은 새 단어를 거의 안 배웁니다. 대신 지금까지 모은 표현으로 직접 말해보는 날이에요. 모범답안을 먼저 보지 말고, 아래 종합 연습을 본인이 한 번 말한 뒤 비교해 보세요.
1. Phase 1 at a Glance
English — Phase 1 was about aircraft system problems and immediate actions: TCAS, engine failure, fire and smoke, hydraulics, brakes, icing, lightning, APU, fuel, pressurization, autopilot, and navigation. The core skill is always the same: fly the aircraft first, run the checklist, then tell ATC clearly and request what you need. If you can do that in calm, natural English, you can handle almost any system failure in Task C.
한국어 — Phase 1은 기체 시스템 문제와 즉각 조치였습니다 — TCAS, 엔진고장, 화재·연기, 유압, 브레이크, 착빙, 낙뢰, APU, 연료, 여압, 자동조종, 항법. 핵심 능력은 늘 같아요: 먼저 비행 → 체크리스트 → ATC에 명확히 통보·요청. 이걸 침착한 자연 영어로 말할 수 있으면 Task C의 시스템 고장은 거의 다 풀립니다.
2. Must-Know Expressions
Phase 1 내내 거의 매일 나온, 반드시 입에 붙여야 할 표현들입니다.
| Expression | 뜻 |
|---|---|
| run the checklist | 체크리스트를 수행하다 |
| our first priority was to fly the aircraft | 최우선은 비행 유지였다 |
| declare an emergency / a PAN-PAN / a MAYDAY | 비상/긴급/조난을 선언하다 |
| inform ATC that … | ATC에 ~라고 알리다 |
| request priority handling | 우선 처리를 요청하다 |
| divert to the nearest suitable airport | 가장 가까운 적합 공항으로 회항하다 |
| request emergency services to stand by | 비상 대응반 대기를 요청하다 |
| coordinate with the cabin crew | 객실승무원과 협조하다 |
| as a precaution | 예방 차원에서 |
| we managed the situation safely | 상황을 안전하게 처리했다 |
3. Key Verbs — Quick Review
- 사건 묘사: indicate, fail, lose, overheat, encounter, notice, suspect
- 즉각 조치: maintain, run (the checklist), discharge, extend, don, descend, isolate, hand-fly
- 통보·요청: declare, inform, advise, request, divert, coordinate
- 마무리: monitor, confirm, continue, manage, land
같은 동사를 여러 상황에서 써 보세요. 예: We declared a PAN-PAN. / We isolated the leak. / We levelled off.
4. Q1 / Q2 Answer Flow
Q1 (무슨 일이었나) — 흐름만 기억:
- 무슨 일 — During the cruise, we lost … / we received a … warning.
- 즉각 조치(우선순위) — Our first priority was to … We ran the checklist.
- ATC 통보·요청 — We declared … and requested …
- 결과·교훈 — We landed safely. The key was … / What mattered most was … / In the end, …
Q2 (ATC 평가) — 틀 고정 금지, 오프너만 바꿔가며:
- 평가 — From a pilot's perspective… / Overall, I was satisfied… / Honestly… / I was impressed by how…
- 개선점 1개 — If anything, … / My only suggestion would be … / Where they could improve is …
- 마무리 — Even so, … / All in all, … / That said, …
5. Grammar Points — Summary (Day 3–14)
| Day | 문법 | 한 줄 예시 |
|---|---|---|
| 3 | 과거진행 + 과거단순 | While we were descending, we received a warning. |
| 4 | 보고체(reported) | The crew reported that the fire was out. |
| 5 | would(예상 결과) | Nosewheel steering would not be available. |
| 6 | 현재완료 | The wheels have been inspected. |
| 7 | 조건 if / when | If the icing got worse, we would divert. |
| 8 | 수동태 | The aircraft was struck by lightning. |
| 9 | 정중 요청 | Could you connect a ground power unit? |
| 10 | 시간 순서 | As soon as we suspected a leak, we ran the checklist. |
| 11 | 비교·정도 | We had enough fuel to land with reserves. |
| 12 | need to / have to | We had to descend immediately. |
| 13 | 목적 so that | We divided tasks so that one pilot could fly. |
| 14 | 관계절 which / that | We used raw data, which comes from ground stations. |
6. Integrated Practice — Try It Yourself First
아래 상황을 읽고, 모범답안을 보기 전에 Q1을 90초 정도로 직접 말해보세요. 그다음 비교하세요.
Situation: During the cruise, one of your generators failed, so you lost some of your electrical power. Describe what happened and how you handled it.
힌트(이 표현들로 말해보세요): a generator failed / we lost some electrical power / we ran the checklist / we shed non-essential loads(불필요 부하 차단) / the other generator and the APU kept the essential systems powered / we monitored the systems / we continued (or diverted) / we informed ATC.
모범답안 — Q1 (예시, 말하기체)
During the cruise, one of our generators failed, so we lost part of our electrical power. The other generator kept the essential systems running, so the aircraft was still safe to fly.
Our first priority was to follow the checklist. We confirmed which systems were affected, and we shed some non-essential electrical loads to protect the remaining power. We also started the APU to give us an extra source of electricity.
We told ATC about the failure and asked to stay at our current level — to keep the workload down while we ran the checklist — and to be kept advised of the nearest suitable airports along our track, in case the second generator failed too. They noted it and gave us a couple of options to keep in mind, and we monitored the systems carefully for the rest of the flight. Everything stayed stable, so we continued to our destination and landed normally. If the second generator had also failed, we would have declared a PAN-PAN and diverted.
모범답안 — Q2 (예시)
Overall, I thought ATC did a good job. When we reported the generator failure and asked to be kept advised of the nearest suitable airports, they gave us a couple of options to keep in mind and kept the frequency quiet for us, which lowered our workload while we worked through the checklist.
I might also have asked them for the weather at those airports, to round out the picture in case we had to divert. But since the aircraft stayed stable, we were able to continue without any pressure.
7. Self-Check
- 시스템 고장 하나를 과거시제로 막힘 없이 묘사할 수 있다.
- declare an emergency / PAN-PAN / MAYDAY를 상황에 맞게 골라 말할 수 있다.
- 표준 요청(priority, divert, emergency services, longest runway)을 자연스럽게 말한다.
- Q2를 매번 같은 말로 시작하지 않고 평가 + 개선점 + 마무리로 말한다.
- 90초를 끊김 없이, 발음·리듬이 편하게 말할 수 있다.
막히는 항목이 있으면 그 Day로 돌아가 Shadowing을 다시 해보세요.
8. Shadowing — Phase 1 Top 10
각 문장을 3~5번 소리 내어 따라 하세요.
- Our first priority was to fly the aircraft and run the checklist.
- We declared an emergency and informed ATC.
- We diverted to the nearest suitable airport.
- We requested priority and emergency services to stand by.
- We coordinated closely with the cabin crew.
- As a precaution, we decided to divert.
- The first thing we had to do was put on our oxygen masks.
- As soon as we suspected a leak, we ran the checklist.
- If it had got worse, we would have declared a PAN-PAN.
- We managed the situation safely and landed without further problems.
여기까지가 Phase 1입니다. 이제 실제 시험 화면에서 녹음하고 ICAO 6영역 채점을 받아보고 싶다면 EPTA Coach에서 1회차를 무료로 열어둡니다. 내일부터는 Phase 2 — 기상·운항 판단으로 넘어갑니다. ✈️